Generally done using a guided missle or smart bomb. This is a small strike done using a very precise weapon, generally is it based on specific intelligence. For instance, if the Air Force learns that General Blofeld is hiding at 123 Fake Street, they can send a cruise missile from 1,000 miles away to that location and not damage the surrounding area as much a more general bombing campaign.
See also Coming In Hot and Shaping the Battle Space.
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